TCP/IP refers to Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol while UDP refers to User Datagram Protocol. Both are protocols (or languages, if you will) that allow PCs to communicate with one another and with the Internet as well as allow applications to communicate with each other on the PCs that make up the LAN and with the Internet. The term “Ports” refers to the number associated with each application that runs on PCs on a network and their usage allows these applications to access other PCs on the LAN and with the Internet itself. Some common port number assignments to applications are: Port 80 (http or web server applications); Ports 20 & 21 (ftp or file transfer protocol server applications), Port 25 (email applications), Port 23 (Telnet Services) and Port 53 (DNS or Domain Name System) just to name a few. If applications or services aren’t needed on the LAN or one or more PCs that make up the LAN, these ports can be and quite possibly should be turned off.
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